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Neurophysiology

Neurophysiology is a combination of neurology and physical science that involves the study of the central nervous system and its impact and influence on the functioning and formation of physiology. Neurophysiologists are experts in understanding the structure, components, and of the nervous system. They also monitor, diagnose, and treat neurological disorders. Brain cells use electrical impulses to communicate with each other. The brain generates electric signals whenever responding to the stimuli. An electroencephalogram EEG records the brain waves with the help of electrodes. When attached to the brain electrodes register wavy like patterns which are electrical impulses generated by the brain as a response to the stimuli. The electromagnetic responses, recorded on the computer when accessed by the doctors, reveal the condition of the brain and help the neurosurgeons to identify irregularities and deformities with working, the structure of the brain. Electromyography EMG involves inserting small needles into the muscles known as electrodes. Oscilloscope monitors and records the response electrodes generate in the form of waves. Different characteristics of waves like size, shape, thickness, high and low points are the keys used by the doctors to understand the responsive behavior and abnormalities associated with brian, nerve, or a limb. Complementary to EMG doctors also make use of Nerve conduction velocity test NCV that helps in determining the nerve damage and deformation. It measures the spontaneity with which the electrical signal passes through the nerves that generate responsive behavior to the stimuli. More is the time taken by the electric signal high is the intensity of nerve damage. NCV gives better insight to the doctors when they have to find out the exact area of injury in the nerve or myelin sheath. Doctors prefer EMG and NCV to go side by side as they both befit the working of each other and add to the precision and perfection in the treatment.

Headache & Migraine

Headaches, Migraines have different reasons. Sometimes the reasons are less severe and can be rectified through simple precautionary measures and medicines. Many times they trace their roots in neurology. Here it is when you need to be worried about your constant headache and need to consult a neurosurgeon. Tension, Stress, Loss of sleep are some of the factors causing pain in the head that fall into the classification of Primary headaches. However, most of the reported cases of pain in the head are much more severe. Many of them have roots in malfunctioning of the nervous system such as infection in head or neck, bleeding in the brain, headaches due to concussion, etc. Treatments for head pain vary depending on the factors that cause it. Dr. Deepashu Sachdeva, Brain Spine, and joint clinic have solutions, remedies for all types of head pains, Migraine no matter what may be the cause.

Vertigo

Vertigo is another problem that has its roots in malfunctioning of the nervous system in the human body. It is mainly associated with functional problems in the inner ear. The inner ear is responsible for maintaining gravity and balance that facilitates the functioning of the body. If inner-ear have dysfunctionality, it affects the balance state of the brain that causes vertigo- a feeling of motion, loss of stability. Treatment of vertigo varies depending on the cause and the reasons responsible for its origin. Therapeutic measures, mind training exercises are some of the remedial measures that Brain Spine, and joint clinic neuro experts provide.

Epliepsy Surgery

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting brain activity. It makes the person lose his consciousness and adapt to unusual behavior when a seizure occurs. Surgical procedures to control seizure are many. Selecting the type of surgery depends on the intensity and cause behind it. Resective surgery is an epilepsy surgery that involves removing tissues from the brain that are the cause of the seizure. Multiple Subpial Transection is another kind of surgery neurosurgeons prefer to control brain seizure. Surgeons remove the affected Nerve fibers in the outer layer of the brain so that nerves concentrated deep under the brain that control movement, feelings, and language, etc. are not affected

Dementia

Damaged brain cells cause a state of mind Dementia that affects the normal processes of communication, emotions, and behavior. Symptoms of Dementia are not static. They vary. However, some prominent ones are loss of memory, ability to reason, and judge. It also causes communication and language problems making it difficult for the patient to speak or communicate with people. Many times visual impairments and memory loss accompany other symptoms making survival difficult for the patient. Treatment for Dementia is still a challenge for medical institutes and professionals. However, medications and drug doses are there that can reduce the severity of the problem.

Hydrocephalus (Shunt Surgery)

Brain, Spine and Joint clinic provide you with Pediatric Neurosurgeon for treating the neurological problems and disorders amongst children, whether acquired or existing from birth. Hydrocephalus (Shunt Surgery) is a neurological disorder in which ventricles get filled with fluid deep within the brain and cause pressure on the brain that causes damage to brain tissues and brain. The problem can occur at any age, but unfortunately, it has high records of affecting the infants and adults above 60 years of age. Symptoms that prompt the Hydrocephalus amongst infants include an increase in the size of the head, bulging of the head. It also leads to loss of sleep, the sensation of touch, dizziness, and may cause seizures. Implanting shunt in ventricles of the brain helps to drain out fluid into the body where it gets absorbed. The shunt has a ventricular catheter that drains out the spinal fluid into the body and a valve to control the flow. The procedure involves surgery to place a ventricular catheter at the back of the head and another end at the abdominal cavity, chamber of the heart, and area around the lung to drain out the excess fluid. A valve controls the draining of too much or too little fluid. Repeated surgeries become essential to repair, remove, or replace the shunt for effective and smooth functioning.

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy Shunt infection or failure in some risks and complications in surgery and processes of replacement over the period makes people look for another option. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an alternative to shunt surgery. It involves creating a bypass in the head for eliminating the cerebrospinal fluid. It gets its name from the area of the brain wherein surgery is done between the third and fourth ventricle as it is the most commonplace for blockage. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy Surgery facilitates the flow of fluid from the third ventricle to other fluid chambers through the new openings made through bypass surgery.

Spinal Dysraphism

Spinal Dysraphism is a term that signifies problems related to the spine, spinal cord, and nerve roots, primarily at the time of birth. Any disorder that relates to Spinal Dysraphism has its origin in the womb when during embryo development, neural plates and neural tubes do not develop properly. During Spinal Dysraphism, neural tube in the spinal cord remains exposed to the environment as it does not close properly and, continuous exposure leads to degeneration of nervous tissues which, then start affecting the motor and sensory developments. Spinal Dysraphism takes different forms depending on the intensity and nature of the problem. Myelomeningocele is an extreme form of Spinal Dysraphism in which sac filled with fluid, spinal cord, and nerves developed outside the body is visible behind the back of the newborn. Spina bifida occulta is a disorder in which there are gaps in the bones of the spine that makes it difficult for the baby to move, affects the control of the bladder. Split cord malformation diastematomyelia is a spinal deformity that an infant has ever since his birth. The spinal cord is split or divided. Spinal cord lipoma lipomyelomeningocele occurs due to fat accumulation around the spinal cord without causing no bone or skin deformities, but affecting the bowel and urinary system. Dermoid and epidermoid spinal cysts are growths in the spine that do not spread and do not lead to cancer, but the pressure they exert on the spinal cord, nerves can rupture them and cause a problem

Functional Neurosurgery

Functional Neurosurgery is revolutionizing the area of neurology. It involves a team of multi-professional neurologists and surgeons who have deep insight into the anatomy and functioning of the nervous system. Dr. Deepanshu Sachdeva is one of the pioneers amongst his team of experts who are revolutionizing the field of neurosurgery in Jalandhar. It is a technique that is modifying the treatment of the nervous system and peripheral nerves. Innovations are making their way in this field that makes it more dynamic and turbulent. The procedures involve the use of devices that can stimulate the affected area and have an impact on the strength and stamina of the affected area. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic is providing services of Neuromodulation. It is a technological innovation in the treatment of neuro problems wherein electrical energy directly hits the target area and modulates the nerve activity. The neuro disorder treatment capability of Neuromodulation has a wide range. It can treat mild tremors to nervous breakdown paralyzing the body. Deep brain stimulation is a technique of producing electrical impulses that can stimulate the dead or affected area of the brain. There is a controller device that regulates the flow of electrons charged into the brain. There is a controller device that regulates the flow of electrons charged into the brain. Gamma knife is a form of radiosurgery in which radiation is is used to burn or damage a tumor. The advantage that it comes with is it involves no incision and has a record of completing in one single day. Functional neurosurgery has a vast scope and a promising future. Neurosurgeons around the world are working to extend the application of functional neurosurgery in all the spheres of neurology. In Jalandhar, Dr. Deepanshu Sachdeva is working hard to make this dream turn into reality for many people suffering from neuro disorders.

Neurointervention (Endovascular Coiling & Embolisation)

Neurointervention involves the use of catheters for treatment and imaging of the affected blood vessels, nerves of the head, brain, or spine. The procedure makes use of small incisions. Therefore the recovery period is less, and the process is less painful in comparison to neurosurgery. However, when to opt for neuro intervention as over neurosurgery depends on the nature of the problem.

Endovascular Coiling & Embolisation involves the use of soft, platinum made coil that is small and thin, much like human hair. These coils have their usage in sealing the ruptured aneurysm. An aneurysm is an area in the wall of an artery which if, gets ruptured causes, bleeding into the brain. Neurologists seal the rupture through the process of Embolisation. Catheter facilitates the process of inserting the coil into the ruptured aneurysm. Neurosurgeons through theEndovascular Coiling seal the walls of an aneurysm and prevent further leakage of blood. The procedure needs an expert neurosurgeon who is well aware of all the peculiarities. The neurosurgeon will dig deep into your past medical history as the nature of the procedure calls. He will inquire about the previous medical surgeries, medications you have been taking. The process involves the use of artificial agents entering the body like dyes, coils, etc. One must tell the neurosurgeon about the allergies so that nothing causes the problem during and after the process. .

All Types of Head Injuries (Brain Injuries)

Head injuries affect the physiological and psychological functioning of the body. The extent to which it affects the functionality of the mind and the body depends on the intensity that may vary from mild head shake to severe bruising, tissue breaking, or bleeding. Intense shaking or banging of the brain or the body, severe accidents, vigorous sports activities can cause brain injuries. Sometimes these injuries lead to internal bleeding, swelling in the brain ,shattering of the skull, and may make brain dead. Traumatic Brain Injuries need proper medication and treatment at the right time. Many times symptoms of the injury are not spontaneous, and they develop over a period. Regular Consultation with the doctor and close monitoring of the victim behavior is essential in such cases. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic help you in better understanding the phenomena and minimizing its evil effects.

Spinal Cord Injuries

Spinal cord injuries are severe to handle as they cause a loss in sensation, strength and may paralyze the body. It may result from a trauma that could have any number of reasons for the occurrence. Other causes leading to spinal injury include disc displacement, vertebrate damage. The nature of the injury is severe, and the consequences are worst. Medical assistance can help you to some extent only. Complete recovery and healthy physiological activities after spinal injury depend on the intensity of the damage to the spine.

Spinal Fixation (Open & Minimally Invasive Surgery)

Spinal fixation is one of the possible treatments working effectively for problems related to vertebrate break. It does have its limitations and requirements that call for an expert to operate and victim to follow preventive measures. Dr. Deepanshu Sachdeva is an expert neurosurgeon who can be the best surgeon and wise adviser for treating and dealing with spinal injury.

Brachial Plexus Injury

Brachial plexus injury relates to damage of nerves that send a signal to the shoulder, arm, and hand. It varies from reducing strength, stability, and sensation of the arm to paralyzing the arm. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic have neurosurgeons performing different surgeries like neurolysis, nerve grafts if the case is severe. The clinic does have experts recommending therapies and medications in cases of less injury or damage.

Microscopic & Endoscopic Surgery

Stroke is a result of the disruption in blood supply to the brain. There are several causes giving rise to a stroke. Interrupted blood supply causes brain cells to die. Dead brain cells can lead to severe consequences of complete paralysis of the body or a fatal collapse. It is a disruption that calls for immediate medical attention with no wastage of time to control the damage a stroke can do to the body. Being intelligent enough to understand the symptoms of stroke and run for medical help can be very beneficial to prevent the devastating effects of stroke. Sudden headache, blurriness in vision, and irregularity in speaking and walking are a few of the indicators of stroke. Blocked artery or disruption in the blood vessel is a cause of stroke known as Ischemic stroke, Hemorrhagic stroke, respectively. Transient Ischemic stroke is a ministroke in which blood supply disruption lasts for a few minutes. The risk of life in the case of stroke is high. Therefore, it is an advisory and wise action to visit the surgeon as soon as you encounter the symptoms or feel something catchy in your health. Brain Spine and joint clinics have neuro experts performing Microscopic and Endoscopic surgery. Former make use of magnificent bulbs that have high-power allowing, the clear view of nerves, vessels, thus facilitating the surgery and operation. Latter involves the use of a long tube that enters the body through natural openings like mouth, anus, or sometimes there may arise a need for a small incision. It provides a detailed view of the organ and also facilitates surgeries and imaging

Thrombolysis for Stroke

Thrombolysis for a stroke aims at bursting the clot that restrains blood supply that causes a stroke to occur. Thrombolytic therapy breaks the clot and disperses it facilitating the blood to reach the brain. Faster you, respond to the stroke, and as early as your surgeon begins the Thrombolytic therapy, more are the chances of success. It yields the best results when given within a period of four to six hours after the stroke hits the patient.

Endovascular Revascularistion

Endovascular Revascularization is taking over pen surgeries over a while. The reason could be the benefits the former adds to the surgical procedure. Endovascular Revascularization makes use of different devices to remove the clot and plaque-causing blockage. It involves the usage of stents,drug-coated balloons, angioplasty to treat lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). It is less time consuming than bypass surgery, and a person can resume normal activities within a few days. It also has high and fast recovery rates. Although it does have limitations, it is gaining pace as a treatment for PAD.

The brain is the regulator, controller unit of the body that allows us to perform all functions and tasks. A disorder, dysfunctionality in the nervous system causes a lot of physiological and psychological problems. Unfortunately, modern times are recording an increase in the number of brain problems. The most common being Brain tumors. Technological advancement has revolutionized the medical sector well. It is possible to treat, cure the ailments and brain problems that earlier was the cause of high death toll and mortality rate. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic is one of the medical institutes that treat many brain disorders. The clinic has a team of experts and an expert neurosurgeon, Dr. Deepanshu Sachdeva, who are efficient in performing surgeries to eradicate the tumor. They are experts in conducting different brain surgeries that can help the patient to overcome and fight back fatal tumors. Depending on the Stage, level, and nature of the problem, surgeons recommend the surgical procedure. They make use of brain mapping techniques to be more precise and accurate while recommending the type of surgical procedure.

Skull Based Surgery

Skull base surgery can be an Open skull base surgery that needs an incision in a skull through which the affected part of the bone gets removed. Endoscopic surgery requires a small opening through which endoscope can penetrate to remove the affected area. Treatment of Aneurysm & Arterio-Venous Malformation (AVM) should be spontaneous to avoid further complications. Surgical procedures to remove it include craniotomy, embolization, and radiosurgery. Intraventricular Tumors call for a shunt, endoscopic surgery that can remove the obstruction and relieve the pressure. Pituitary Tumor surgery involves surgical procedures, and in some cases, medications can also help. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic aims at providing the best to all its patients so that all can cherish and replenish the gift, of Life.
A partial list of conditions that may be treated using skull base surgery includes:

• Pituitary tumors
• Meningiomas
• Chordomas
• Trigeminal neuralgia
• Vestibulocochlear nerve disorders
• Craniopharyngiomas

• Hemifacial spasms
• Craniostenosis
• Cerebro-spinal fluid fistulas
• Cerebral aneurysms
• Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)

Aneurysm & Arterio-Vnous Macformation (AVM) Surgery

An aneurysm is an emergency condition that requires immediate medical attention to prevent further loss and damage to human anatomy. It occurs due to the weakening of the artery wall leading to the widening of the artery abnormally. The exact causes of the problem are not fully trackable. However, the reasons could be a congenital, accident, or fatal injury. It does have some record of getting transferred due to genetic factors, the problem of high blood pressure and cholesterol increase the risk for the same. If, aneurysm gets ruptured it, further aggravates the problem as it disturbs the ability of the blood vessel to handle the blood flow that can lead to excess or minimal blood supply to the brain, causing the formation of blood clots or in severe cases leading to death. Arterio-Venous Malformation (AVM) Surgery is to treat the abnormal blood vessels connecting arteries and veins. AVM disturbs the functioning of arteries and veins that carry oxygen-rich blood to the brain from the heart and oxygen deficit blood back to lungs, and heart respectively. As it sounds, so it is a complex problem that requires expertise when it comes to curing it and safeguarding the life of patients. Dr. Deepanshu Sachdeva is one such option in your city to visit and place yourself or your loved ones in safe hands for Aneurysm & Arterio-Venous Malformation (AVM) Surgery. The process at Bone, Spine, and Joint clinic begins with complete and comprehensive interrogation into the patient’s medical history and present scenario. To have better insight into the patient’s health neurosurgeons, at the clinic make use of Imaging, mapping, and monitoring devices and techniques. After having complete knowledge about the AVM location, nature, damage intensity, surgeons begin the process of surgery. Surgical removal of AVM includes temporarily removing the part of the skull facilitating access to AVM. The surgeon will seal the AVM ruptures using different procedures and sew the incision. The other way of treating AVM is Endovascular embolization. It involves inserting a catheter into the leg artery and threading it through blood vessels to reach the brain. The catheter carries with it substances to reduce the flow of blood into AVM and controls the leakage. SRS Stereotactic radiosurgery is another way of treating AVM. The process involves the use of radiation to destroy the AVM and cause blood scarring.

Symptoms of spinal AVMs
Spinal AVMs often don’t cause any symptoms. When they do, they’re usually minor and hard to notice. In a few people, however, the symptoms can be severe enough to affect their ability to function.

• Muscles that feel weak or become paralyzed
• Problems with balance and coordination (ataxia)
• Pain or unusual sensations throughout your body, such as tingling or numbness

Intraventricular Tumour Surgery

Ventricles are cavities within the brain containing fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord. The ventricular system consists of four ventricles that have interconnection with each other, two lateral ventricles on either side of the cerebral cortex, third ventricle at the lower brain, and the fourth that runs along the brainstem. The ventricular system facilitates the functioning of the Central Nervous System. It acts as a fluid coating around the brain and also helps in absorbing shocks during head trauma. The cerebrospinal fluid that ventricles contain provides nutrients to the brain, and also maintains the chemical balance. Intraventricular Tumour Surgery relates to treating the tumors that arise in ventricles of the brain. They have different natures and causes of origin. Colloid cysts a mucous substance originating at the point where lateral ventricles extend into the third ventricle, thus obstructing the flow of fluid into the third ventricle. Some other ventricle tumors are astrocytomas, meningiomas, ependymomas. Although each one is different from the other in origin and cause, all calls for treatment for immediate relief from the pain and problems they cause in one’s life. Detailed imaging studies are essential before performing surgical procedures for ventricular tumors. Doctors make use of Magnetic resonance imaging MRI and Computer tomography CT scan to have better insight into the problem and varied aspects related to it. In many cases, there may be a need to analyze cerebrospinal fluid through a lumbar puncture. Endoscopic biopsy, shunt and resection are the treatment for ventricular tumors.

Pituitary Tumour Surgery

The pituitary gland is small in size. It has its location in a bone hollow at the base of the skull underneath the brain. Although small in size, it has many functions to perform so named as the master gland of the human body. It makes different organs and glands in the body to respond to the needs of the body. It does so secreting the hormones into the bloodstream that act as messengers transmitting the information from the gland to different cells and making them respond in the right way. Unfortunately, this area is also prone to the growth of tumors. It plays a vital role in facilitating different mechanisms. Therefore it is an essentiality to remove tumors and lesion growth from the pituitary gland and facilitate its functionality. Endoscopic pituitary surgery is one of the treatments for removing tumors from the pituitary gland. It involves the use of an endoscope which is a thin, rigid tube with a microscope, light, and camera. Surgeons insert it through the nose till it reaches a sphenoid sinus located at the back of the nose. Making an opening in the bony wall of the sphenoid sinus surgeons reaches the pituitary area from where they remove tumors in small pieces. Another way to treat the pituitary tumor includes Craniotomy which involves the removal of part of the skull or making an incision to reach the target area, remove the unwanted substance, and reseal the area. Pituitary Tumor Surgery involves surgical procedures, and in some cases, medications can also help. Brain Spine & Joint Clinic aims at providing the best to all its patients so that all can cherish and replenish the gift, of Life.

Endoscopic Brain Surgery

Technological and Monitoring advancements in the field of medicines are doing wonders in treating patients with minimal pain, incisions, and uncomfortableness. Endoscopic Brain Surgery is one such example of medical advancement and innovations. It makes use of an endoscope to get precise and particulars about the area in the brain which needs surgical operations. The visualization endoscope provides permits for the surgeon to have a complete insight into the problem. Second, change the endoscopic surgery has brought into medical science is the size of incisions has remarkably reduced as a thin, rigid tube with a microscope, the camera can pass through small openings like nose or mouth. Monitoring the images on the screen surgeons’ progress with their surgical procedures and remove tumors from the bain. The risk factor has remarkably declined with endoscopic brain surgery as it does not disturb the rest of the arrangements of nerves, fibers. It precisely hits the target area with minimum disturbance to other components, unlike open surgery. Benefits of less blood loss, less tissue disruption adds to the easy and fast recovery of the patient. The high success ratio is making it the first choice amongst the surgeons and patients. However, we cannot completely overrule the importance, need, and validation of conventional open surgeries.